アジア太平洋の若者の健康、2000〜2023年の疾病負担と地域差

日本関連：この研究は海外機関を中心とする国際共同研究で、日本の研究機関に所属する共著者が参加しています。参加国はオーストラリア、インド、パキスタン、ガーナ、バングラデシュ、サウジアラビア、インドネシア、中国、アメリカ、オマーン、イエメン、マレーシア、カザフスタン、イギリス、フィリピン、アラブ首長国連邦、トルコ、ネパール、スリランカ、ニュージーランド、ロシア、カナダ、ベトナム、香港、キルギス、シンガポール、ドイツ、韓国、タイ、ジョージア、台湾、日本、イタリア、ナイジェリア、フランス、カタール、オランダ、ケニア、ブルネイ、アイルランド、マカオ、ザンビア、スイス、キプロス、ノルウェー、ハンガリー、イラン、ヨルダン、エクアドル、ベルギー、イラク、バーレーン、スーダン、トリニダード・トバゴ、エチオピアです。

掲載誌：The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

ライセンス: CC BY　対象: 公開論文　確認元: OpenAlex

10〜24歳の健康を地域横断で調べる

アジア太平洋には、世界の10〜24歳の若者の半数以上が暮らしています。研究チームは、この地域で若者の健康を損なう主な病気やけが、健康上のリスクを把握するため、2000〜2023年の状況を分析しました。地域全体に共通する課題と、地域や性別による違いを明らかにすることが目的です。

著者らは、世界の疾病負担を推計する「GBD 2023」のデータなどを用い、44の国・地域を七つの地域区分に分けて比較しました。対象は10〜24歳で、年齢層別・性別に死因、疾病負担、リスク要因の広がりを調べています。疾病負担の指標には、早く亡くなることで失われる年数と、病気や障害によって健康が損なわれる年数を合わせた「障害調整生存年（DALYs）」を使いました。

大きな負担を占める非感染性疾患とけが

研究チームの推計によると、2023年のアジア太平洋の若者の死亡数は63万7496人、疾病負担は1億1580万DALYsでした。これは世界の同年代の死亡数の34.1％、疾病負担の40.6％に当たります。非感染性疾患は疾病負担の64.8％、死亡の43.9％を占め、主要な健康課題となっていました。著者らは、とくに精神疾患の負担を重要な課題として挙げています。

交通によるけがや、それ以外の意図しない事故によるけがも主要な死因でした。とくに東南アジアの男性では、けがが疾病負担の大きな要因となっていました。一方、メラネシア、ミクロネシア、東南アジアの一部では、呼吸器感染症と結核も引き続き重要な負担をもたらしていました。健康課題の構成は、地域によって異なっていたのです。

共通して増える過体重・肥満と、性別による違い

リスク要因にも地域差がありましたが、過体重と肥満は対象となったすべての国で増加していました。また、一度に多量の酒を飲む行動が増えた国は、増えていない国を上回っていました。2023年の喫煙割合はすべての国で男性が女性より高く、貧血の割合はすべての国で低下していたものの、女性のほうが高く、改善も男性より緩やかでした。

この研究は、アジア太平洋の若者の健康には、精神疾患を含む非感染性疾患や過体重・肥満という共通の課題がある一方、けが、感染症、喫煙、貧血などの負担には地域や性別による違いがあることを示しています。著者らは、こうした違いに合わせながら、共通する健康課題にも取り組む重要性を指摘しています。

原著論文の著者・所属：Karly I Cini（Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Global Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia）、Dorothea Dumuid（Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia）、Iffat Abbsar（Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics College, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia）、Luo Li（Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Global Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia）、Diandra Amandita Priambodo（Global Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia）、Bhoomadevi A（Amity Institute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Amity University Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India）、Muhammad Ahmed Abdullah（School of Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan）、Abdullah（Medicine Department, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan; Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Hajipur, India）、Richard Gyan Aboagye（Department of Family and Community Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Swetha Acharya（Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India）、Isaac Yeboah Addo（Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Nurudeen A Adegoke（Translational Research Collective, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Ripon Kumar Adhikary（Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh; Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia）、Usha Adiga（Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Chittoor, Apollo Hospital, Chittoor, India）、Mohd Adnan（Department of Biology, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia）、Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani（Department of Public Health, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia）、Obed Adonteng-Kissi（School of Arts and Social Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Bunbury, WA, Australia）、Ebenezer Afrifa-Yamoah（School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia）、Fransisca Handy Agung（School of Medicine Universitas Pelita Harapan, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia）、Aqeel Ahmad（College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia）、Khabir Ahmad（Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Naved Ahmad（Department of Computer Science & Information Systems, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Tauseef Ahmad（Department of Community Health Sciences, Sohail University, Karachi, Pakistan; School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China）、Jahanzaib Mian Ahmed（Health Department, Government of Balochistan Quetta., Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan; University of Balochistan Quetta, Faculty of Pharmaceuticals and Allied Health Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan）、Mushood Ahmed（Department of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan）、Shahzaib Ahmed（Department of Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan）、Kasuni H.M. Akalanka（Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia）、Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar（University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Wole Akosile（Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan（Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA）、Omar Ali Mohammed Al Zaabi（Department of Adult Health and Critical Care, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman）、Khurshid Alam（Murdoch Business School, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia）、Mohammad Khursheed Alam（Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Preventive Dentistry Department, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia）、Mohammad Jahoor Alam（Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Preventive Dentistry Department, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia）、Ashraf Alhumaidi（Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Faculty of Dentistry, Ibn Al-Nafis University for Medical Sciences, Sana'a, Yemen）、Irfan Ali（Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India）、Mohammad Daud Ali（Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia）、Rafat Ali（Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India）、Syed Mohamed Aljunid（Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia）、Joseph Uy Almazan（Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan）、Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi（Department of Parasitology, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen; Department of Parasitology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia）、Roshan A Ananda（Department of General Medicine, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK）、Amutha Anandakumar（Department of Childhood and Youth Onset Diabetes, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India）、Deanna Anderlini（Centre for Sensorimotor Performance, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Neurology Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、David B Anderson（Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Kabilan Annadurai（Department of Public Health, The Apollo University, Chittoor, India）、Sumbul Ansari（Department of Physiotherapy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India）、Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor（Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia）、Geminn Louis Carace Apostol（Inter-Agency Committee on Environmental Health, Department of Health Philippines, Manila, Philippines; School of Medicine and Public Health, Ateneo De Manila University, Pasig City, Philippines）、Mosab Arafat（College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates）、Mahwish Arooj（University College of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Ni Ketut Aryastami（Directorate of Research and Innovation Foresight, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia; Honorary Council of Nutritionist Ethics, Persatuan Ahli Gizi Indonesia (Indonesian Nutrition Association), Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia）、Nurila Aryntayeva（Department of Clinical Disciplines, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Department of Public Health, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq（Department of Pharmacy Practice, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Javed Ashraf（Department of Oral Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan; Public Health Department, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan）、Mohammad Saquib Ashraf（Department of Basic Sciences, Riyadh ELM University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Saad Ashraf（Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan）、Tahira Ashraf（Department of Biostatistics, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkiye）、Muhammad Shahzad Aslam（School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia）、Yuni Asri（Faculty of Health Science, Institute of Technology and Health Science RS dr Soepraoen, Malang, Indonesia; Nursing Department, Institute of Technology and Health Science RS dr Soepraoen, Malang, Indonesia）、Zhupar Atalykova（Science Department, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Alok Atreya（Department of Forensic Medicine, Lumbini Medical College, Palpa, Nepal）、Sana Javaid Awan（Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, lahore, Pakistan）、Usman Ayub Awan（Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan）、AKM Azad（Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz（Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia）、Ruhai Bai（Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing, China）、Pachamuthu Balakrishnan（Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (MAHER), Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (MAHER), Chennai, India）、Senthilkumar Balakrishnan（Division of Biological Sciences, Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology, Chennai, India）、Yatan Pal Singh Balhara（National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India）、Ruwanthi Panchali Bandara（Department of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Professorial Unit - Medicine, Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka）、Altaf Bandy（College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia）、Soham Bandyopadhyay（Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK）、Rajon Banik（Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Md. Abul Barkat（Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia）、Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo（School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand）、Lingkan Barua（Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Shahid Bashir（University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Narasimha M Beeraka（Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia）、Gulam Saidunnisa Begum（Department of Biochemistry, National university of Science and technology, sohar, Oman）、Priyamadhaba Behera（Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India）、Surama Manjari Behera（Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India）、Samir Bele（Community Medicine Department, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Madurai, India）、Samiun Nazrin Bente Kamal Tune（BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Pooja Bhadoria（Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India）、Rajan Bhandari（School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; WA, Australia）、Ashok Kumar Bhati（Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia）、Priyadarshini Bhattacharjee（Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK）、Sudip Bhattacharya（Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, DEOGHAR, India）、Ashmin Hari Bhattarai（Innovation UBC, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada）、Gurjit Kaur Bhatti（Department of Medical Lab Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India）、Jasvinder Singh Bhatti（Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India）、Rajbir Bhatti（Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India）、Haoran Bi（School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China）、Bijit Biswas（Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India）、Mohammad Shahangir Biswas（Centre for the Study of Regional Development, Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh; Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Monirujjaman Biswas（Centre for the Study of Regional Development, Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi, India; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh; Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Rohan Borschmann（Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Justice Health Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia）、Linh Phuong Bui（College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam）、Hollie Byrne（The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Senthilkumar C（The Apollo University, Apollo Hospital, Chittor, India）、Rose Cairns（Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales Poisons Information Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Ester Cerin（Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China）、Sandip Chakraborty（State Disease Investigation Laboratory, Animal Resources Development Department, Agartala, India）、Sanjoy Kumar Chanda（Sociology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh）、Miyuru Chandradasa（Department of Psychiatry, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; University Psychiatry Unit, Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka）、Baskaran Chandrasekaran（Symbiosis School of Sports Sciences, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India）、Sirshendu Chaudhuri（Department of Public Health, Indian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad, India）、Ranjana Chavan（Symbiosis Collge of Nursing, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India）、Asad Ali Ahmed Cheema（International School of Medicine, International University of Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan）、Haiyan Chen（Clinical Project Management Office, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen, China; Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia; Science and Technology Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, yangzhou, China）、Hana Chen（Clinical Project Management Office, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen, China; Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia; Science and Technology Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, yangzhou, China）、Haowei Chen（Clinical Project Management Office, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen, China; Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia; Science and Technology Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, yangzhou, China）、Hui Chen（Clinical Project Management Office, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen, China; Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia; Science and Technology Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, yangzhou, China）、Chelsia Ka Ching Cheung（Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China）、Hao Chi（John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA）、Saravanan Chinnaiyan（SRM School of Public Health, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, CHENNAI, India）、Karleen Chong（Primary Care Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia）、Hitesh Chopra（Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India）、Sonali Gajanan Choudhari（Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, India）、Dr. Devraj Singh Singh Chouhan（Faculty of Nursing, Parul University, Vadodara, India）、Dinh-Toi Chu（Faculty of Applied Sciences, VNU International School (VNUIS), Hanoi, Viet Nam; The Interdisciplinary Research Group on Biomedicine and Health, VNU International School (VNUIS), Hanoi, Viet Nam）、Hongyuan Chu（Department of Pediatrics, Peking University, Beijing, China）、Sunghyun Chung（Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA）、Omid Dadras（Department of Health, Northern Territory Government, Darwin, SA, Australia）、Namrata Dagli（Karnavati Scientific Research Centre, Karnavati Scientific Research Centre, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India）、Neha Dahiya（Division of Delivery Research/Implementation Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Delhi, India）、Jiahui Dai（Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA）、Mayank Dalakoti（Cardiovascular Metabolic Translational Research Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK）、Mouni Damineni（Department of Dentistry, Four states dental care, Joplin, MO, USA）、P. Vineeth Daniel（Division of Medical Research, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India）、Roy Arokiam Daniel（Department of Community Medicine, Employees’ State Insurance Model Hospital, Chennai, India）、Bryan Gervais Gervais de Liyis（Department of Neurosurgery, National Brain Center in Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia）、Manna Debnath（Royal School of Medical & Allied Sciences (RSMAS), The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati, India）、Sindhura Deekonda（Department of Pediatrics, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA）、Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan Devanbu（Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, India）、Pradeep Kumar Devarakonda（Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA）、Amol S Dhane（Research and Development Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune (Deemed to be University), Pune, India）、Sreedhar Dharmagadda（Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs and Management, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Meghnath Dhimal（Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Research Department, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal）、Shalik Ram Dhital（Department of Research and Development, Home in Place, Newcastle, NSW, Australia）、Bibha Dhungel（Population Interventions Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia）、Sushil Dohare（Department of Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia）、Geeta Devi Dorkhy（Indian Ocean Brain Health Association, Port Louis, Mauritius）、Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi（Independent Consultant, Bridgewater, NJ, USA）、Mi Du（Department of Periodontology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China）、Ashit Kumar Dutta（AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Gitashree Dutta（Community Medicine, Government Medical College Pali, Jodhpur, India）、Venkata Ravikanth Eddula（Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Chittoor, Chittoor, India）、Hisham Atan Edinur（School of Health Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia）、Diyan Ermawan Effendi（National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Jakarta, Indonesia）、Balisa Mosisa Mosisa Ejeta（Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India）、Muhammed Elhadi（College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA）、Muhammad Esa（Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Hat Yai, Thailand）、Ildar Ravisovich Fakhradiyev（Department of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Director of the Scientific and Technological Park, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Nour Fakih（School of Dental Medicine, BAU International University Batumi, Batumi, Georgia）、Kaibin Fang（The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China）、Mohammad Fareed（College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Dechao Feng（Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou, China; Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK）、Timur Fazylov（Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Ayesha I Firdose I（Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India; India）、Safia Firdous（Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan）、Ni Kadek Yuni Fridayani（Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan）、Balasankar Ganesan（School of American Education, Institute of Health & Management, Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Swinburne University of Technology, School of Engineering, Melbourne, VIC, Australia）、Balasubramanian Ganesh（Laboratory Sciences Division, National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India）、Ezhilkugan Ganessane（Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Madurai, India）、Shivaprakash Gangachannaiah（Department of Pharmacology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Dingwei Gao（Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China）、Fernando Jr. Barroga Garcia（Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines）、Nirmal Gautam（University of Southern Queensland, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia）、Rupesh K Gautam（Centre for Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Noida, India）、Syed Abdullah Gilani（Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry (DBSC), University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman）、Mahaveer Golechha（Department of Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India）、Sheffali Gulati（Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India）、Bhuvaneshwari Gunasekar（Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India）、Pengfei Guo（Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA）、Himanshu Gupta（College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Melbourne/Darwin, VIC, Australia）、Swathi Gurajala（Department of Respiratory Care, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, JUBAIL, Saudi Arabia）、Nguyen Hai Nam（Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Thong Nhat Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam）、Abdulsalam M. Halboup（Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Science and Technology, Yemen, Sana'a, Yemen; Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, Science University of Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia）、Pritam Halder（Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Department of Community Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India）、Sobia Ahsan Halim（Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman）、Mohammad Hamza（Guthrie Medical Group, Guthrie Medical Group, Cortland, NY, USA）、Asif Hanif（Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkiye）、Eka Mishbahatul Marah Has（Department of Advanced Nursing, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia; School of Nursing and Midwivery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia）、Towhid Hasan（Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh）、Divna M Haslam（School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Ammarah Hasnain（Department of Biotechnology, Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan）、Rafid Hassan（Nutrition Research Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Lasanthi Wathsala Hathagoda（Department of Paediatrics, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; Paediatric Professorial Unit, Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka）、Fei He（Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology Xi'an Jiaotong University, xi'an, China）、Zaw Myo Hein（College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates）、Rohman Hikmat（Department of Nursing, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand）、Matthew Hobbs（Faculty of Health, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand）、Ramesh Holla（Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Md Sabbir Hossain（Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University (DIU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Public Health, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Chattogram, Bangladesh; Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh）、Syed Billal Hossain（Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University (DIU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Public Health, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Chattogram, Bangladesh; Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh）、Mila Nu Nu Htay（Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia）、Yu-Song Huang（Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China）、Mega Hasanul Huda（Pediatric Nursing Department, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia）、Malik Asif Hussain（Department of Pathology, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia）、Bing-Fang Hwang（Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taiwan, Taichung, Taiwan）、Liliya Ibragimova（Science and Technology Park, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Anel Ibrayeva（Science and Technology Park, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Sumaira Idrees（Department of Public Health, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia）、Nayu Ikeda（Center for Nutritional Epidemiology and Policy Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Settsu, Japan）、Jibran Ikram（Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA）、Muhammad Hamza Ilyas（Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA）、Mohd Imran（Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia）、Danish Iqbal（Department of Health information Magement, Buraydah Private Colleges, AL-QASSIM, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia）、Lalu Muhammad Irham（Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia）、Benni Iskandar（Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia; School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan）、Md Rabiul Islam（School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Md Saiful Islam（Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA）、Md. Mojahedul Islam（Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh）、Lakshman Chandrashekhar Iyer（Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiotherapy, MGM College of Physiotherapy, Navi Mumbai, India）、Jaison Jacob（College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India）、Vennila Jaganathan（Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, India）、Shafkat Jahan（School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Ruchi Jakhmola-Mani（Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India）、Mihajlo Jakovljevic（Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China; UNESCO-TWAS Section of Economic & Social Sciences, Humanities & Arts, The World Academy of Sciences UNESCO-TWAS, Trieste, Italy）、Arshad Jamal（Department of Biology, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia）、Masoud Jamshidi（Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Krishna Mahendrabhai Jasani（Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, India）、Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe（Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka）、Yovanthi Anurangi Jayasinghe（Centre for Evidence Synthesis and Implementation Research, Cephas Health Research Initiative, Inc, Ibadan, Nigeria）、Seogsong Jeong（Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea）、Mengmeng Ji（Divison of Public Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA）、Akash John（Department of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Pakistan; Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Medical Research Center (LMRC), Lahore, Pakistan）、Jost B Jonas（Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Institut Français de Myopie, Paris, France; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore）、Akaninyene Paul Joseph（School of Engineering and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Canberra, NSW, Australia）、George Vellaramcheril Joy（Nursing & Midwifery Research Department (NMRD), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar）、Dhinesh Babu K（Department of General Surgery, Karpaga Vinayaga Medical College and Hospital, Madhuranthagam, India）、Riyas Basheer K B（Physiotherapy Department, Tejasvini Physiotherapy College, Mangalore, India）、Billingsley Kaambwa（College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Health Economics Unit, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia）、Vidya Kadashetti（Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Karad, India）、Mohammad Fahim Kadir（Department of Pharmacology, Campbell University, Lillington, NC, USA）、Ashish Kumar Kakkar（Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India）、Sanjay Kalra（Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital Karnal, Karnal, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India）、Md Moustafa Kamal（Canberra Business School, University of Canberra, Hawker, ACT, Australia; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Mehnaz Kamal（Canberra Business School, University of Canberra, Hawker, ACT, Australia; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Sivesh Kathir Kamarajah（NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK）、Rajesh Kamath（Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Jiseung Kang（Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; School of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea）、Debasish Kar（Community and Primary Care Research Group, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK）、Neila Karagezova（School of Dentistry, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Reddy Praneeth Karnam（School of Management (Hospital and Health Care Management), The Apollo University, Chittoor, India）、Faizan Zaffar Kashoo（Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia）、Manoj Kumar Kumar Kashyap（Amity Stem Cell Institute (ASCI), Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, India）、Ramya Kateel（Department of Pharmacology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Sandeep Kaur（Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Indian Institute of Public Health-Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India）、Mohd Adnan Kausar（Department of Biochemistry, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia）、Kanica Kaushal（Department of Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India）、Salima Kerai（Center of Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada）、Nouman Khalique（RANI Omico-informatics feeds and pharmaceuticals (PVT) Limited, RANI Omico-informatics Feeds and Pharmaceuticals (PVT) Limited, Lahore, Pakistan）、Abida Khan（Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Ajmal Khan（Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Ammar Ahmad Khan（Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Faiz Ullah Ullah Khan（Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Peking University, Beijing, China）、Hafiz Nadeem Khan（Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy; Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Hayat Ahmad Khan（Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy; Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Md Abdullah Saeed Khan（Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、MD Sazzad Khan（Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India; Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA; International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan）、Mohammad Idreesh Khan（Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; Department of Basic Health Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Muhammad Umair Khan（Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; Department of Basic Health Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Muhammad Umer Khan（Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; Department of Basic Health Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Serab Khan（Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India; Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA; International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan）、Sumaiya Khan（Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India; Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA; International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan）、Uzma Rahim Khan（Emergency Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan）、Yusuf Saleem Khan（College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia）、Zahid Khan（Department of Cardiology, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK; Department of Cardiology, University of South Wales, Treforest, UK）、Sameer Uttamaro Khasbage（Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India）、Samira Khoshvaght（Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam）、P Ratan Khuman（Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Anand, India）、Hye Jun Kim（Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea）、Kwanghyun Kim（School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA）、Min Seo Kim（Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA）、Yun Jin Kim（College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea）、Yun Seo Kim（College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea）、Sanjay Kini B（Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Ladli Kishore（School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CGC University, Mohali, India）、Isaac Koomson（Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Chong-Han Kua（School of Applied Science, Republic Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore）、Garry Kuan（School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia; School of Physical Education, Henan University, Keifeng, China）、Mohammed Kuddus（Department of Biochemistry, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia）、Mukhtar Kulimbet（Department of Research Management, Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Health Research Institute, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Muralidhar Madhav Kulkarni（Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, India）、Ashwini Kumar（Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Chandan Kumar（Amity Institute of Health Allied Sciences, Amity University Noida, Noida, India）、Dhasarathi Kumar（SRM Centre for Clinical Trials and Research (CCTR), Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India）、Jeevan Kumar（Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Apollo University, Chittoor, India）、Manasi Kumar（Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Lady Hardinge Medical College, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India）、Manoj Kumar（Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Lady Hardinge Medical College, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India）、Neeraj Kumar（Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Hajipur, India; Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, karachi, Pakistan）、Nitesh Kumar（Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Hajipur, India; Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, karachi, Pakistan）、Pawan Kumar（Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India; India）、Rakesh Kumar（Department of Health Management, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; Department of Microbiology, Presidency College Chennai, Chennai, India）、Roshan Kumar（Department of Health Management, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; Department of Microbiology, Presidency College Chennai, Chennai, India）、Sandeep Kumar（Department of Economics, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, India; Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan; Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, India）、Sanjeet Kumar（Department of Economics, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, India; Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan; Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, India）、Sumit Kumar（Department of Economics, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, India; Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan; Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, India）、Tarun Kumar（Department of Pharmacology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, India）、Sajeetha Kumari R（Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, India）、Jibin Kunjavara（Nursing & Midwifery Research Department (NMRD), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar）、Jeannette Kunz（School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan）、Pramod Kumar Kushawaha（Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India）、Asep Kusnali（National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia）、Dian Kusuma（Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia）、Assylkhan Kuttybayev（Department of Public Health, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Chandrakant Lahariya（Division of Evidence Synthesis, Foundation for People-centric Health Systems, New Delhi, India; Division of Lifestyle Medicine, Centre for Health: The Specialty Practice, New Delhi, India）、Balzhan Lakanova（Department of Research Management, Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Health Research Institute, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Tri Laksono（Department of Physiotherapy, Universitas Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Institute of Allied Health Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan）、Kenney Ki Lee Lau（Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China）、Harriet L S Lawford（UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Hayeon Lee（Clinical Trial Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea; Faculty of Electronic Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia; Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea）、Hoi Leong Lee（Clinical Trial Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea; Faculty of Electronic Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia; Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea）、Hye Ah Lee（Clinical Trial Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea; Faculty of Electronic Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia; Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea）、Hyung Joo Lee（Clinical Trial Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea; Faculty of Electronic Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia; Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea）、Wei-Chen Lee（Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA）、Jimma Likisa Lenjisa（College of Health, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia）、Elvynna Leong（Faculty of Science, University of Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei）、Moh. Hendra Setia Lesmana（Department of Mental Health and Community Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia）、Chengfeng Li（Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia）、Hui Li（Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China）、Mengyi LI（Center of Cancer Epidemiology and Population Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Institute of cardiovascular research, southwest medical university, Luzhou, China）、Miaoling Li（Center of Cancer Epidemiology and Population Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Institute of cardiovascular research, southwest medical university, Luzhou, China）、Ming Li（Center of Cancer Epidemiology and Population Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Institute of cardiovascular research, southwest medical university, Luzhou, China）、Zhaolong Adrian Li（Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA）、Yanxue Lian（Discipline of Physiology, National University of Ireland - Galway, Galway, Ireland）、Ambreen Liaqat（Clinical Sciences, Shaqra University, Sharqa, Saudi Arabia）、Anqi Lin（Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China）、Jue Liu（Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing, China）、Xuefeng Liu（Department of Quantitative Health Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA）、Madeeha Shahzad Lodhi（Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Niroshan Chandrajith Lokunarangoda（Department of Medicine and Mental Health, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka）、Arianna Maever Loreche（Center for Research and Innovation, School of Medicine and Public Health, Pasig City, Philippines; National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines）、Surbala Devi Lourembam（Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, India）、Shanjie Luan（School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China）、Jailos Lubinda（Geospatial Health and Development Team-Child Health Analytics, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia; Scientific Research and Surveillance Systems, Macha Research Trust, Choma, Zambia）、Abhilash Ludhiadch（Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India）、Pauline Po Yee Lui（Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China）、Susu Luo（Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China）、Wenwen Lv（School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China）、Preeti Maharjan（School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia）、Usayatun Mahera（Independent University Bangladesh, Independent University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Syed Esam Mahmood（Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia）、Abdul Majid（Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA）、Ahmad Azam Malik（Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia）、Bhagabat Malik（A & A Economics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India）、Trisha Mallick（Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Farheen Mansoor（International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan）、Tahir Maqbool（Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Kaleem Maqsood（Department of Biology, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan）、Joemer C Maravilla（Far Eastern University, Manila, Philippines; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Santi Martini（Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia; Indonesian Public Health Association, Surabaya, Indonesia）、J Jenifer Florence Mary（Department of Community Medicine, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pondicherry, India）、Neeta Mathur（Department of Community Medicine, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India）、Khurshid A Mattoo（Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia）、Richard James Maude（Department of Epidemiology, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK）、Pallab K Maulik（Research Division, The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India; School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Prosanjit Mazumder（Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford hospital, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Steven M McPhail（Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia; Digital Health and Informatics Directorate, Queensland Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Jitendra Meena（Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India）、Tesfaye Hambisa Mekonnen（General Practice, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia）、Satish Melwani（Turning Point, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia）、Aamir Raoof Memon（Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Peoples University of Medical & Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah (Shaheed Benazirabad), Pakistan）、Godfred Antony Menezes（Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Trinity Medical Sciences University, St. Vincent, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India）、Ritesh G Menezes（Department of Pathology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia）、Tara P Menon（Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA）、Sultan Ayoub Meo（Department of Physiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Chamila Dinushi Kukulege Mettananda（Clinical Medicine Department, Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka; Department of Pharmacology, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka）、Sachith Mettananda（Department of Paediatrics, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; University Paediatrics Unit, Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka）、Bhagyashree Mishra（The Apollo University, Apollo Hospital, Chittoor, India）、Sayan Mitra（Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Tridip Mitra（Division of Medical Research, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, India）、Chaitanya Mittal（Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India）、Dhruti Modi（Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, India）、Taj Mohammad（Centre For Interdisciplinary Research In Basic Sciences (CIRBSc), Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India; Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India）、Yugal Kishore Mohanta（Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Ri-Bhoi, India）、Ali H Mokdad（Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA）、Shihab Mostafa（Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh）、Sumaira Mubarik（Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, University of Groningen (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen), Groningen, Netherlands）、Shiv Kumar Mudgal（College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India）、Jibran Sualeh Muhammad（College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK）、Syed Aun Muhammad（Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan）、Saikat Mukherjee（Changescape Consulting, Independent Consultant, New Delhi, India; Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Knowledge Management Department, Prahlad Omkarwati Foundation (POF), Mumbai, India）、Sumoni Mukherjee（Changescape Consulting, Independent Consultant, New Delhi, India; Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Knowledge Management Department, Prahlad Omkarwati Foundation (POF), Mumbai, India）、Christopher J L Murray（Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA）、Krishna Murti（Pharmacy Practice, National institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Hajipur, India）、Satta Muthu Murugan（Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India; Santosh University, New Delhi, NCR, India）、Sathish Muthu（Central Research Laboratory, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, India; Department of Research Methods, Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, India）、Muhammad Muzaffar（Department of Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Ganesh R Naik（College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Computer Science and IT, Torrens University, Adelaide, SA, Australia）、Firzan Nainu（Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia）、Prasad Nalabothu（Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Pediatrics Oral Health and Orthodontics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland）、Gopal Nambi（Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia）、Vinay Nangia（Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India）、Zakira Naureen（Dept of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman）、Samidi Nirasha Kumari Navaratna（Department of Community Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka）、Muhammad Abdullah Naveed（Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan）、Biswa Prakash Nayak（Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India）、Kinjal Nayak（Kent State University, Kent State University, kent, OH, USA）、Vinod C Nayak（Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Samata Nepal（Department of Community Medicine, Lumbini Medical College, Palpa, Nepal）、Marie Ng（Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; NUS-IHME Global Burden of Disease Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore）、Tam Thi Ngo（Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Hanoi, Viet Nam）、Cuong Tat Nguyen（Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam）、Long Hoang Nguyen（Institute for Advanced Study in Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh city, Viet Nam）、Nghia Phu Nguyen（Cardiovascular Research Department, Methodist Hospitals, Merrillville, IN, USA; College of Health Sciences, Nam Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Viet Nam）、Romulo F Nieva Jr（Department of Health Policy and administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines）、Peishan Ning（Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, China）、Joenna Devi Ningombam（ESI-PGIMSR, Medical College & Hospital and ODC (EZ), West Bengal University of Health Sciences (WBUHS), Joka, Kolkata, India）、Vikram Niranjan（Department of Public Health, UNICAF, Larnaca, Cyprus; School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland）、Shuhei Nomura（Global Research Institute, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan; International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan）、Sana Noreen（University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Aqsha Nur（Center for Health System and Strategy, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK）、Nurfatimah Nurfatimah（Midwifery Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu, Palu, Indonesia）、Sylvester Reuben Okeke（Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle（College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea）、Qi Chwen Ong（Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom, UK）、Aksoltan Shyhdurdyevna Oradova（Scientific Laboratory “Center for Collective Use”, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Jagadish Rao Padubidri（Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India）、Dimpal Manilal Paija（Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Nadiad, India）、Songhomitra Panda-Jonas（Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris 75019, France）、Apurvakumar Pandya（Department of Health Policy, Management and Behavioural Sciences, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India）、Bunga A Paramashanti（Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) in Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia）、Amrita Parida（Department of Pharmacology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Chulwoo Park（Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA）、Jin-Hyuck Park（Occupational Therapy, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea）、Arpit Parmar（Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India）、Heta Pavan Patel（Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, India）、Mitesh Patel（Department of Computer Science and Bioscience, Marwadi University, Rajkot, India）、Neel Navinkumar Patel（Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tennessee, Nashville, TN, USA）、Sangram Kishor Patel（Department of Research and Training, Population Council Institute, New Delhi, India; Ingenus Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Long Island University, Fairfield, NJ, USA; Zoology Section, Regional Institute of Education (RIE), Ajmer, India）、Satyananda Patel（Department of Research and Training, Population Council Institute, New Delhi, India; Ingenus Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Long Island University, Fairfield, NJ, USA; Zoology Section, Regional Institute of Education (RIE), Ajmer, India）、Shivani Patel（Department of Research and Training, Population Council Institute, New Delhi, India; Ingenus Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Long Island University, Fairfield, NJ, USA; Zoology Section, Regional Institute of Education (RIE), Ajmer, India）、Aslam Ramjan Pathan（Department of Pharmacology, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia; Research Consultancy, Author Gate Publications, Malegaon, India）、Malshani Lakshika Pathirathna（Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan）、Ashlesh Patil（Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India）、Shankargouda Patil（College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, USA）、Apurba Patra（Department of Human Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India）、Susan Paudel（Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia）、Arun Mitra Peddireddy（Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India）、Amy E Peden（College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia）、Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito（Center for Research and Innovation, Ateneo De Manila University, Pasig City, Philippines）、Gavin Pereira（Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia）、Wajida Perveen（CMH Lahore Medical College, CMH Lahore Medical College & Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan）、Tung Thanh Pham（College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam）、Shivani Phugat（Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India）、Bala Ganesh Pichamuthu（India; School of Public Health, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India）、Zahra Zahid Piracha（International Center of Medical Sciences Research, International Center of Medical Sciences Research, Islamabad, Pakistan; Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan）、Mapa M Prabhath N Piyasena（Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK）、Dimitri Poddighe（College of Health Sciences (CHS), VinUniversity, Hanoi, Viet Nam）、Thantrira Porntavetus（Center of Excellence in Precision Medicine and Digital Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand）、Pranil Man Singh Pradhan（Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal; T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA）、Harsh Priya（Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India）、Jagadeesh Puvvula（Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA）、Muhammad Usman Qamar（Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan）、Hengwei Qin（Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China）、Nuzul Qur'aniati（Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia）、Shahazad Niwazi Qurashi（College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia）、Basuki Rachmat（Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia）、Venkatraman Radhakrishnan（Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (W.I.A), Chennai, India）、Yashpal Singh Raghav（Department of Mathematics, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia）、Pracheth Raghuveer（Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India）、MD SAZEDUR RAHMAN（Faculty of Health, Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Mohammad Meshbahur Rahman（Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia）、Mosiur Rahman（Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia）、Muhammad Aziz Rahman（Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia）、Amita Rai（Medicine Department, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan; Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Hajipur, India）、Jeffrey Pradeep Raj（Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Jayalakshmi Rajeev（Public Health and Community Medicine, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India）、Gunaseelan Rajendran（Trauma and Emergency Medicine Department, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Madurai, India）、Shaman Rajindrajith（Department of Paediatrics, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka）、Pushp Lata Rajpoot（Department of Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia）、Kairolla Dyusenbayevich Rakhimov（Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Kadar Ramadhan（Department of Midwifery, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, Palu, Indonesia）、Chitra Ramasamy（Department of Anatomy, Govt. Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, India）、Shakthi Kumaran Ramasamy（Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA）、Balaji Ramraj（National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India）、Kirtan Rana（Department of Community Medicine, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Nagpur, India）、Lokesh Rana（AIIMS, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, India）、Kumuda Rao（Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS), Mangalore, India）、Mithun Rao（Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Sowmya J Rao（Department of Oral Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Odontology, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shimogga, India）、Isha Rathi（Amity Institue of Public Health & Hospital Administration, Amity University Noida, Noida, India）、Devarajan Rathish（Department of Family Medicine, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka）、Dilini Lalanthi Ratnayake（Department of Community Dental Health, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka）、Santosh Kumar Rauniyar（Department of Global Health Policy, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan）、Dhwani Ravi（Department of Psychiatry, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India）、Lokesh Ravi（Centre for Digital Health and Precision Medicine, The Apollo University, Chittoor, India）、Ramya Kundayi Ravi（Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; RAK College of Nursing, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates）、Renju Ravi（Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; RAK College of Nursing, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates）、Muhammad Liaquat Raza（Infection Prevention & Control Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Moattar Raza Rizvi（Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Santosh (Deemed to be University), Delhi, India）、Alina Rodriguez（Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Allied Health, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK）、Chanapong Rojanaworarit（Department of Population Health, School of Health Sciences, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA）、Debby Syahru Romadlon（Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand）、Moustaq Karim Khan Rony（Miyan Research Institute, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Allen Guy Patrick Ross（College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates）、Himanshu Sekhar Rout（Department of Analytical and Applied Economics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India; RUSA Centre of Excellence in Public Policy and Governance, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India）、Adrija Roy（Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India; Department of Community Medicine, RVM Medical College and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India）、Poulami Roy（Department of Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, India）、Sharmistha Roy（Department of Public Health, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA; Research Department, Indian Institute of Public Health, Delhi, India）、Shubhanjali Roy（Department of Public Health, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA; Research Department, Indian Institute of Public Health, Delhi, India）、Robert Rudolf（College of International Studies, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Faculty of Education, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand）、Chandan S N（Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India）、Sura Saad Abdullah（College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea）、Basema Ahmad Saddik（Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Shazina Saeed（Amity Institiute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Amity University, Noida, India）、Umar Saeed（Operational Research Center in Healthcare, Near East University, Cyprus, Turkiye; Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary）、Rajesh Sagar（Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India）、Ashok Kumar Sah（College of Applied and Health Sciences, A’ Sharqiyah University, Ibra, Oman）、Indranil Saha（National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections (ICMR NIRBI), Indian Council of Medical Research, Kolkata, India）、Nondo Saha（Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Vaibhav Sahni（Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India）、Ambika Sahoo（Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India）、Binaya Krushna Krushna Sahu（Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India）、Kirti Sundar Sahu（Canadian Red Cross, Red Cross, Ottawa, ON, Canada）、Ankita Saikia（Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia）、Md Refat Uz Zaman Sajib（Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA）、Afeez Abolarinwa Salami（Cephas Health Research Initiative, Inc, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria）、Samreen Saleem（Department of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan）、Abubakar Tijjani Salihu（National Centre for Healthy Ageing, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia）、Rama Krishna Sanjeev（Department of Pediatrics, SRM Medical College Hospital And Research Centre, Kattankulathur, India）、Sathish Sankar（Department of Microbiology, Saveetha University, Chennai, India）、Hemen Sarma（Botany Department, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, India）、Mohammad Sarmadi（Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran）、Gargi Sachin Sarode（Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune (Deemed to be University), Pune, India）、Sachin C Sarode（Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune (Deemed to be University), Pune, India）、Mukesh Kumar Sathya Narayanan（Department of Epidemiology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India）、Maheswar Satpathy（UGC Centre of Advanced Study in Psychology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India; Udyam-Global Association for Sustainable Development, Bhubaneswar, India）、Amar Saurabh（Carnegie Mellon University, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA）、Tual Sawn Sawn Khai（Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; Malaysia）、Chandrabose Selvaraj（Department of Marine Biotechnology, AMET University, Chennai, India）、Subramanian Senthilkumaran（Emergency Department, Manian Medical Centre, Erode, India）、Disha Sanjivkumar Shah（Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, India）、Sweni Shah（Rita A. Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, The Charutar Vidya Mandal(CVM) University, Anand, India）、Shazlin Shaharudin（National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia）、Syed Monowar Alam Shahid（University of Hail, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia）、K M Shahunja（Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Muhammad Shahzad（Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan）、Masood Ali Shaikh（Independent Consultant, Karachi, Pakistan）、Mohd Shanawaz（College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia）、Mohammed Shannawaz（Amity Institute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Amity University, Noida, India）、Sumaira Sharif（Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Javad Sharifi Rad（Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador）、Ankita Sharma（Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India; Department of Physiotherapy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India; Government Medical College, Chennai, India）、Arkansh Sharma（Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India; Department of Physiotherapy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India; Government Medical College, Chennai, India）、Avimanu Sharma（Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India; Department of Physiotherapy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India; Government Medical College, Chennai, India）、Bunty Sharma（Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, India）、Jyoti Sharma（Public Health Foundation of India, Indian Institute of Public Health, Delhi, NCR, India）、Ravi Kumar Sharma（Department of University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India）、Ujjawal Sharma（Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India）、Vishal Sharma（Department of Forensic Science (Formerly Institute of Forensic Science & Criminology), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India）、Somia Shehzadi（University Institute of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan）、Samendra P Sherchan（Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA）、Subuhi Sherwani（Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Center, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia）、Mahabalesh Shetty（Alva's Insitute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Moodubidire, India）、Premalatha K Shetty（Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Hui-Zhong Shi（Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium）、Md Monir Hossain Shimul（Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Ambreen Shoaib（Department of Clinical Practice, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia）、Seyed Afshin Shorofi（Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia）、Sunil Shrestha（Department of Research and Academics, Kathmandu Cancer Center, Bhaktapur, Nepal; Person-Centered Research, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia）、Dr. Dharmsheel Shrivastav（Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Noida International University, Greater Noida, India）、Muhammad Irfan Siddique（Pharmacy Department, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia）、Mohammad Sidiq（Physiotherapy Department, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq）、Padam Prasad Simkhada（Research and Innovation, University of Chester, Chester, UK）、Aditya Singh（Amity Institute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Amity University, Noida, India; Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; India）、Akanksha Singh（Amity Institute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Amity University, Noida, India; Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; India）、Amit Singh（Amity Institute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Amity University, Noida, India; Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; India）、Baljinder Singh（Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences in Ranchi Jharkhand India, Ranchi, India; University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali, India）、Bhoopendra Singh（Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences in Ranchi Jharkhand India, Ranchi, India; University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali, India）、Brij Pal Singh（Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences in Ranchi Jharkhand India, Ranchi, India; University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali, India）、Harmanjit Singh（Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy, IFTM University, Moradabad, India）、Harpreet Singh（Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy, IFTM University, Moradabad, India）、Jasvinder A Singh（Department of Medicine Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Houston, TX, USA; School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA）、Kalpana Singh（Research Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar）、Paramdeep Singh（Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala, India; Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India）、Puneetpal Singh（Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala, India; Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India）、Samer Singh（Department of Community Medicine, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Srinagar Garhwal, India; Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India）、Surendra Singh（Department of Community Medicine, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Srinagar Garhwal, India; Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India）、Vanshika Singh（Internal Medicine Department, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India）、Abhijeet Prasad Prasad Sinha（Amity Institute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Delhi NCR, India）、Mukesh Kumar Sinha（Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Md.Salman Sohel（Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Solikhah Solikhah（Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia）、Minkyo Song（National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA）、Yizhe Song（Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA）、Soniya Akter Sony（Public Health & Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Public Heath and Informatics Department, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Lokasani Vijaya Sree（Department of Health, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital, Hyderabad, India）、Kannan Sridharan（Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain）、Mark A Stokes（Department of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia）、Peter Stubbs（Discipline of Physiotherapy, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Chen-Yang Su（McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada）、Narayan Subedi（Research Department, Nepal Development Society, Kathmandu, Nepal; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia）、Vetriselvan Subramaniyan（Department of Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia）、Thitiporn Sukaew（Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand）、Desy Sulistiyorini（Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Indonesia Maju, Jakarta, Indonesia）、Mark J M Sullman（Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus）、Marjia Sultana（Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh）、Joshua Sumankuuro（Department of Public Policy and Management, University of Business and Integrated Development Studies in Ghana, Wa, Ghana; School of Nursing, Paramedicine and Healthcare Sciences, Charles Sturt University in New South Wales, Bathurst, NSW, Australia）、Jing Sun（Data Science Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Heart Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, QLD, Australia）、Xiaodong Sun（Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China）、Shanthosh Priyan Sundaram（North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, India）、Dayinta Annisa Syaiful（Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga Indonesia, Surabaya, Indonesia）、Azharuddin Sajid Syed Khaja（Department of Pathology, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia）、Sree Sudha T Y（Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India）、Balamurugan Tagiisuran（Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia）、Eman Taha Osman Ali（Department of Molecular Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan）、Shifa Taj（Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University System of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA）、Kit-Aun Tan（Department of Psychiatry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia）、Shynar Tanabayeva（Department of Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Mohsan Tanveer（Department of Software Engineering, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan; Islamabad, Pakistan）、Saba Tariq（Department of Metabolism and Systems Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan）、Jay Tewari（Internal Medicine Department, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India）、Suresh Thareja（Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Bathinda, India）、Rasiah Thayakaran（Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK）、Mahalakshmi Thayumana Sundaram（Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Miami, FL, USA）、Sojit Tomo（Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India）、Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone（Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India）、Thang Huu Tran（Department of Business Analytics, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam）、Nguyen Tran Minh Duc（Research and Advocacy Initiative, ALS Vietnam, Quang Ngai, Viet Nam）、Christopher Daniel Tristan（Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia）、Sok Cin Tye（Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA）、Md Jamal Uddin（Daffodil International University (DIU), Daffodil International University (DIU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; School Physical Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh）、Shadab Uddin（College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia）、Himayat Ullah（College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia; Hayatabad Medical Complex, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan）、Riaz Ullah（Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi/ Islamabad, Pakistan）、Saeed Ullah（Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan）、Srikanth Umakanthan（Independent Consultant, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago; North Central Regional Health Authority, Champ Fleurs, Trinidad and Tobago）、Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan（Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Dinesh Upadhya（Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India）、Era Upadhyay（Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India）、Sheela Upendra（Symbiosis Collge of Nursing, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India）、Jibrin Sammani Usman（Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China）、Asokan Govindaraj Vaithinathan（College of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain）、Sampara Vasishta（Department of Biochemistry, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Chittoor, Chittoor, India）、Baskar Venkidasamy（Centre for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Saveetha University, Chennai, India）、Poonam Verma（Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India）、Tuan Vinh（Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK）、Sharath Chaitanya Vipparthy（Cardiac Electrophysiology, St Bernard's Medical Center, Jonesboro, AR, USA）、Ross Vlahos（School of Health and Biomedcal Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia）、Thinh Toan Vu（CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA; York College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA）、Krishna Dhavan Vyas（Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, India）、Jin-Yi Wan（School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA）、Arvinder Wander（Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India）、Jingyu Wang（Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China）、Liang Wang（Marshall Centre for Interventions in Infectious Disease, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Qingzhi Wang（School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China）、Shaopan Wang（Department of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China）、Wei Wang（School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China）、Xuequan Wang（Enze Medical Health Academy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China）、Yaojie Wang（Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA）、Janith Niwanthaka Warnasekara（Department of Community Medicine, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka）、Kosala Gayan Weerakoon（Department of Parasitology, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka）、Jia Wei（Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China）、Xueying Wei（Department of Geriatrics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China）、Taweewat Wiangkham（Department of Physical Therapy, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand）、Angga Wilandika（Department of Nursing, Universitas Aisyiyah Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia）、Phoebe Catherine May Williams（Sydney Children's Hospital Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Gemechu Kumera Wirtu（School of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia; School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Alemayehu Molla Wollie（Injibara University, Injibara University, Psychiatry, Ethiopia; School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia）、Tewodros Eshete Wonde（Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Yen Jun Wong（School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia）、Jianyong Wu（Environmental Health Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA）、Zhijia Xia（Western Institute of Digital-Intelligent Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China）、Site Xu（Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China）、Xiaoyue Xu（Cardiovascular Program, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Saba Yahoo（Department of Community Medicine, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India）、Fang Yang（Western Institute of Digital-Intelligent Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China）、Yuichiro Yano（Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan）、Haiqiang Yao（Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China）、Pengpeng Ye（National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia）、Kuanysh A. Yergaliyev（School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan）、Renjulal Yesodharan（Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, India）、Dehui Yin（Department of Epidemiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China）、Naohiro Yonemoto（Department of Biostatistics, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan）、Honghao Yu（Dermatology and Venereology Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China）、Yong Yu（School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China）、Ghazala Yunus（Department of Basic Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia）、Mubashir Zafar（Family and Community Medicine Department, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia）、Seema Zargar（Department of Biochemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia）、Basit Zeshan（Center for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan）、Yongle Zhan（Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China）、Beijian Zhang（Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China）、Heng Zhang（Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China）、Kexin Zhang（Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China）、Yunquan Zhang（Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China）、Jianhui Zhao（Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China）、Ming-Hua Zheng（Department of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China）、Claire Chenwen Zhong（Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China）、Xiaoyun Zhou（Mental Health Service Stream, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia）、Bin Zhu（School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China）、Zhengyang Zhu（The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China）、Abzal Zhumagaliuly（Atchabarov Scientific-Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan）、Zhiyong Zou（Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing, China）、Simon I Hay（Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA）、Ansariadi Ansariadi（School of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia）、Peter S Azzopardi（Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Global Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia）

※本記事は原著論文をもとに、日本語で要約・説明を加えた研究紹介です。 出典（原著論文）：Karly I Cini, Dorothea Dumuid, Iffat Abbsar, et al. Adolescent health across Asia Pacific, 2000–23: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health 2026-09-01. DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(26)00163-x. 原著ライセンス：CC BY.